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William O'Dwyer (July 11, 1890November 24, 1964) was the 100th Mayor of New York City, holding that office from 1946 to 1950. ==Life and career== O'Dwyer was born in Bohola, County Mayo, Ireland and studied at St. Nathys College, Ballaghaderreen, County Roscommon. He emigrated to the United States in 1910, after abandoning studies for the priesthood. He worked as a laborer, then as a New York City police officer, while studying law at night at Fordham University Law School. He received his degree in 1923 and then built up a successful practice before serving as a Kings County (Brooklyn) Court judge. He won election as the Kings County District Attorney in 1939 and his prosecution of the organized crime syndicate known as Murder, Inc. made him a national celebrity. After losing the mayoral election to Fiorello La Guardia in 1941, O'Dwyer joined the United States Army for World War II, achieving the rank of brigadier general as a member of the Allied Commission for Italy and executive director of the War Refugee Board, for which he received the Legion of Merit.〔Ralph J. Caliendo, (New York City Mayors: Part II: the Mayors of Greater New York From 1898 ), 2010, page 90〕 In 1945, O'Dwyer received the nomination of Tammany Hall Leader Edward V. Loughlin and easily won the mayoral election. At his inauguration, O'Dwyer celebrated to the song, "It's a Great Day for the Irish," and addressed the 700 people gathered in Council Chambers at City Hall: "It is our high purpose to devote our whole time, our whole energy to do good work..." He established the Office of City Construction Coordinator, appointing Robert Moses to the post, worked to have the permanent home of the United Nations located in Manhattan, presided over the first billion-dollar New York City budget, created a traffic department and raised the subway fare from five cents to ten cents. In 1948, O'Dwyer received The Hundred Year Association of New York's Gold Medal Award "in recognition of outstanding contributions to the City of New York." Shortly after his re-election to the mayoralty in 1949, O'Dwyer was confronted with a police corruption scandal uncovered by the Kings County District Attorney, Miles McDonald. O'Dwyer resigned from office on August 31, 1950. Upon his resignation, he was given a ticker tape parade up Broadway's Canyon of Heroes in the borough of Manhattan. President Harry Truman appointed him U.S. Ambassador to Mexico. He returned to New York City in 1951 to answer questions concerning his association with organized crime figures and the accusations followed him for the rest of his life. He resigned as Ambassador on December 6, 1952, but remained in Mexico until 1960.〔City of New York, (William O'Dwyer, 100th Mayor, 1946—1950 (1890 - 1964) ), retrieved November 23, 2013〕 He visited Israel for 34 days in 1951 on behalf of his Jewish constituents.〔(Life Magazine ), November 12, 1951〕 He helped organize the first Israel Day Parade,〔Jewish Telegraphic Agency, ("150,000 Cheer Jewish State at New York Celebration of Israeli Independence Day" ), republished on ''Jewish News Archive'', original story May 5, 1949〕 along with New York's Jewish community. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「William O'Dwyer」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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